Correct Answer - Option 2 : half
Explanation:
A thin pressure vessel having closed ends and contains a fluid under a gauge pressure ‘p’. Then the walls of the cylinder will have a longitudinal stress as well as a circumferential stress.
Circumferential or hoop stress: \({\sigma _h} = \frac{{pd}}{{2t}}\)
Longitudinal or axial stress: \({\sigma _L} = \frac{{pd}}{{4t}}\)
where ‘d’ is the internal diameter and ‘t’ is the wall thickness of the cylinder.
The ratio of longitudinal stress to hoop stress \( = \frac{{\frac{{pd}}{{4t}}}}{{\frac{{pd}}{{2t}}}} = \frac{2}{4} = 0.5\)
