Question

Naveen is a manager in a multinational organization. He believes that the employees of the company are lazy and do not have much ambition. Naveen can be classed as ___________ manager based on the perspectives of Douglas McGregor.
1. Theory Y
2. Administrative
3. Theory X
4. Bureaucratic

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : Theory X

The correct answer is Theory X.

• According to McGregor, Theory X management assumes the following:
  • Work is inherently distasteful to most people, and they will attempt to avoid work whenever possible.
  • Most people are not ambitious, have little desire for responsibility, and prefer to be directed.
  • Most people have little aptitude for creativity in solving organizational problems.
  • Motivation occurs only at the physiological and security levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
  • Most people are self-centred. As a result, they must be closely controlled and often coerced to achieve organizational objectives.
  • Most people resist change.
  • Most people are gullible and unintelligent.
• Hence, Option 3 is correct.

Theory Y	The higher-level needs of esteem and self-actualization are ongoing needs that, for most people, are never completely satisfied. As such, it is these higher-level needs through which employees can best be motivated.
Administrative	It refers to the act of running and maintaining a business or organization. The core objective of administrative management is to create a formal structure that facilitates success for a particular business or organization.
Bureaucratic	The term bureaucracy may refer both to a body of non-elected governing officials and an administrative policy-making group. Historically, a bureaucracy was a government administration managed by departments staffed with non-elected officials.