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_______ comprises a set of several routines and start-up instructions inside the ROM. 
1. Basic Input Output System (BIOS)
2. Universal Serial Bus (USB)
3. Expansion Port 
4. Port

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : Basic Input Output System (BIOS)

The correct answer is Basic Input Output System (BIOS).

  • BIOS (basic input/output system):
    • It is the program a computer's microprocessor uses to start the computer system after it is powered on.
    • It comprises a set of several routines and start-up instructions inside the ROM. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
    • It also manages data flow between the computer's operating system (OS) and attached devices, such as the hard disk, video adapter, keyboard, mouse, and printer.
    • It contains all the basic code for controlling your computer hardware (such as keyboards, mice, monitors, and hard drives). After the startup sequence is complete, and control has gone to the operating system, the BIOS does very little.

  • ROM
    • It stands for Read-Only Memory.
    • It is a storage device that is used with computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM may only be read.
    • It is used for firmware updates, which means It contains the basic instructions for what needs to happen when a computer is powered on.
    • Firmware is also known as BIOS, or basic input/output system. 
    • It is non-volatile storage, which means the information is maintained even if the component loses power. It is located on a BIOS chip which is plugged into the motherboard.
    • It is a type of memory circuitry that holds the computer's startup routine.
    • The ROM BIOS tells the computer how to access the hard disk, find the operating system, and load it into RAM.
    Universal Serial Bus (USB)
    • A Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a common interface that enables the communication between devices and a host controller such as a personal computer (PC) or smartphone.
    Expansion Port 
    • It provides an installation point for a hardware expansion card to be connected.
    Port
    • In computer hardware, a port serves as an interface between the computer and other computers or peripheral devices

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