Question

The Gandhian Plan was expounded in 1944 by:
1. N. R. Sarkar
2. Kasturi Bhai Lal Bhai
3. Jai Prakash Narayan
4. Shriman Narayan Agarwal

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : Shriman Narayan Agarwal

The correct answer is Shriman Narayan Agarwal.

• Gandhian Plan 1944:-
  • It was enunciated by Acharya Shriman Narayan Agarwal in his ‘Gandhian Plan’ in 1944.
  • The basic objective of the Gandhian Model is to raise the material as well as the cultural level of the masses so as to provide a basic standard of life.
  • It laid emphasis on the scientific development of agriculture and the rapid growth of cottage and village industries.
  • Moreover, Gandhian Strategy emphasized employment-oriented planning rather than the production-oriented planning of Nehru.
  • This plan laid more emphasis on agriculture.
  • Even if he referred to industrialization it was to the level of promoting cottage and village-level industries, unlike the NPC and the Bombay Plan which supported a leading role for the heavy and large industries.
  • The plan articulated a ‘decentralized economic structure’ for India with ‘self-contained villages’.

• N. R. Sarkar:-
  • Nalini Ranjan Sakar was a well-known public man, financier, and industrialist of Bengal who filed a petition of complaint in the court of the Chief Presidency Magistrate, Calcutta.
  • On April 3, 1959, he did not pause here to state the allegations made in that petition, he shall have occasion to refer to them in detail later on.
  • The complaint was filed against four persons-the appellants herein and two other persons, Narendra Nath Law, and Amiya Chakravarty.
  • A previous complaint on more or less the same allegations was made by Promode Ranjan Sarkar, second brother of the late Nalini Ranjan Sarkar.
  • That complaint was made on March 17, 1954, and was dismissed under section 203 of the Code of Criminal Procedure by the then Chief Presidency Magistrate, Shri N. C. Chakravarti, on August 6, 1954.
• Kasturi Bhai Lal Bhai:-
  • Kasturbhai Lalbhai was one of the pioneering Industrialists of pre and post-independent India.
  • His astute business sense saw the Lalbhai group grow from one single textile mill to a conglomerate of seven mills, a large chemical and dyestuff complex set amidst a flourishing township.
  • He enriched the educational, social as well as cultural scene of Gujarat and especially Ahmedabad with equal distinction.
  • He along with Vikram Sarabhai set up in Ahmedabad, some of the most premier institutions of education and research in India.
  • As Chairman of Anandji Kalyanji Trust, he undertook the renovation of some of the most famous Jain temples like Dilwara, Ranakpur, Taranga, Girnar, and many more.
  • With an eye to detail, he meticulously had them restored to their original glory.
  • Such was his understanding of architecture and eye for the aesthetic that Louis Kahn called him a natural architect.
  • In the words of Shri B. V. Doshi, "He is a man of vastness, a classics.
  • He has a feeling for the grand, for the memorable, and hence is the right person to build institutions and renovate temples.
  • He represents things that are good, grand, and of permanent value.
• Jai Prakash Narayan:-
  • Jayaprakash Narayan was an Indian political leader and theorist.
  • Narayan was educated at universities in the United States, where he became a Marxist.
  • Upon his return to India in 1929, he joined the Indian National Congress (Congress Party).
  • In 1932 he was sentenced to a year’s imprisonment for his participation in the civil disobedience movement against British rule in India.
  • Upon release, he took a leading part in the formation of the Congress Socialist Party, a left-wing group within the Congress Party, the organization that led the campaign for Indian independence.
  • He was imprisoned by the British again in 1939 for his opposition to Indian participation in World War II on the side of Britain, but he subsequently made a dramatic escape and for a short time tried to organize violent resistance to the government before his recapture in 1943.
  • After his release in 1946, he tried to persuade the Congress leaders to adopt a more militant policy against British rule.