Question

Who can legislate on the subjects which are not included in any of the lists of subjects given in the Constitution?
1. Supreme Court
2. Central Government
3. State Legislature
4. Regional Councils

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 2 : Central Government

The correct answer is Central Government.

• The congruent list given in the 7^th schedule of the Indian Constitution deals with the distribution of power between Union and State governments.
• It contains 3 lists, the Union List(100 subjects), the State List(61 subjects), and the Concurrent List(52 subjects ).
• Central Government can legislate on the subjects which are not included in any of the lists of subjects given in the Constitution. This is termed as Residuary Power.
• Article 248 deals with the Residuary powers of legislation.

1. Parliament has exclusive power to make any law with respect to any matter not enumerated in the Concurrent List or State List.
2. Such power shall include the power of making any law imposing a tax not mentioned in either of those Lists.

• Both the Central and state governments can make laws on the subjects of Concurrent List and in case any conflict occurs the law made by the Central Government exists.
• The concurrent list contains those topics which are desirable but are not essential to be kept in union list and state list topics.

• Parliament:- 
  • In India, it is the supreme body of the country's legislature.
  • This is a bicameral system.
  • The President has the authority to summon or adjourn either House of Parliament or dissolve the Lok Sabha.
• Supreme court:-
  • The Constitution of India, mentioned in Articles 124 to 147 is the foundation of the structure and jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
  • The Supreme Court is the highest court that hears appeals against the decisions of the High Courts of the States and Union Territories.
• State Legislature:-
  • The Legislature of each state is made up of the Governor and the Legislature of the state.
  • The State Legislature is provided by Article 168 of the Constitution. According to this article, the State Legislature consists of one or both houses of the Legislature in addition to the Governor.
• Regional Councils:-
  • It is a public organization.
  • Its main functions are to coordinate among neighboring countries and to provide a regional approach to those concerns crossing local boundaries.