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Which of the following scientific principles is mainly behind the generation of hydroelectric power?
1. Conversion of electrical energy  into gravitational energy
2. Conversion of gravitational potential energy into thermal energy
3. Conversion of electrical energy into kinetic energy
4. Conversion of gravitational potential energy into electrical energy

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : Conversion of gravitational potential energy into electrical energy

The correct answer is the Conversion of gravitational potential energy into electrical energy.

  • Hydroelectric Power Plant:
    • ​Hydroelectric power is produced by the gravity of falling water.
    • In the hydroelectric power plant, more electrical power can be generated, if waterfalls from a greater height because the rise in water level causes the increase in potential energy of water.
    • It flows from a higher position more amount of kinetic energy is formed by the conversion of higher potential energy and this kinetic energy in the form of moving water can produce more electrical power.
    • The Koyna Hydroelectric Project is the largest completed hydroelectric plant in India. Its power capacity is 1920 megawatts.
    • The first hydroelectric power station was the Shivanasamudra hydroelectric power station.
    • Tehri Hydro Power Plant is the tallest hydropower project in the country, and Terry Dam is also the tallest hydropower plant in India.
    • The Srisailam hydroelectric power station is the third-largest construction project in India.
    • The Naspajakri Hydroelectric Power Plant is the largest underground hydroelectric project in the country.

Hydroelectric Power Plant State
Bhakra Nangal Hydroelectric Power Plant Himachal Pradesh
Tehri Hydro Electric Power plant Uttarakhand
Hirakud Hydro Electric Power plant Odisha
Nagarjunasagar Hydro-Electric Power Plant Andhra Pradesh
Sardar Sarovar Hydro Electric Power plant Gujarat
Koyna Hydroelectric Power plant Maharashtra
Balimela Hydro Electric Power plant Odisha

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