Question

Match the following types of soil with its widely known feature.

f. Black	q. common salt is obtained
d. Laterite	t. Infertile
a. Saline	k. prevalent in Deccan Plateau
m. Arid	p. used for cutting bricks

1. f - k, d - p, a - q, m - t
2. d - t, f - k, a - p, m - q
3. m - q, d - p, f - k, a - t
4. a - t, f - q, d - p, m - k

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : m - q, d - p, f - k, a - t

The correct answer is m - q, d - p, f - k, a - t.

Soil	Properties
Black	The properties of Black soils are high compressibility, low bearing capacity, low shearing strength. The black colour of the soil is due to the presence of titaniferous magnetite, compounds of iron and aluminium, hummus etc. It riches in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash, and lime but is poor in nitrogen and phosphorous. These are very fertile and soil texture. It is excessive retention of moisture. This soil is suitable for leguminous crops like cotton, citrus fruits, millets, wheat, tobacco, sugarcane. Black soil is mostly found in river valleys of the Deccan region.
Laterite	Laterite is a soil and rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red colouration, because of high iron oxide content. Laterite soils are rich in iron and aluminium but deficient in nitrogen and potassium. Laterite soils have a high content of clay, which ensures that they have a greater ability to exchange cations and retain water than sandy soils, and can thus be used as a hard material like a brick.
Saline	It is also known as Usara soil. Saline soils contain a large proportion of sodium, potassium, and magnesium, and thus, It is infertile and does not support any vegetative growth. It is high in salts, mainly due to dry climate and poor drainage. It occurs in arid and semi-arid regions, and in waterlogged and marshy areas. Their structure ranges from sandy to loamy. It lack nitrogen and calcium. Saline soils are more widespread in western Gujarat, the delta of the east coast, and the Sundarbans regions of West Bengal.
Arid/ Desert	This soil is mostly sandy soil found in low rainfall regions.​ They are poor in organic matter. Nitrogen is low but sometimes it available in form of Nitrates. Some deserts soils are alkaline with high calcium carbonate and phosphate. It is useful in growing crops such as barley, cotton, wheat, millets, etc. The availability of nitrogen in form of Nitrates using fertilizers and irrigation.