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Which Article of the Constitution of India guarantees to all citizens the freedom of speech and expression?
1. Article 16
2. Article 17
3. Article 18
4. Article 19

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : Article 19

The correct answer is Article 19.

  • Article 19(1) (a) of the Constitution of India states that all citizens shall have the right to freedom of speech and expression.
  • The philosophy behind this Article lies in the Preamble of the Constitution, where a solemn resolve is made to secure to all its citizens, liberty of thought and expression.
  • This right is available only to a citizen of India and not to foreign nationals.
  • This right is, however, not absolute and it allows Government to frame laws to impose reasonable restrictions in the interest of sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the state, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, decency and morality, and contempt of court, defamation, and incitement to an offense.

Article 16
  • Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
  • There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.
  • No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence, or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the State.
Article 17
  • Article 17 is related to the Abolition of Untouchability.
  • "Untouchability" is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden. The enforcement of any disability arising out of "Untouchability" shall be an offence punishable by the law.
Article 18
  • Abolishes titles and makes four provisions in that regard:
    • It prohibits the state from conferring any title on any citizen or a foreigner (except military or academic distinction).
    • It prohibits a citizen of India from accepting any title from any foreign state.
    • A foreigner holding any office of profit or trust under the state cannot accept any title from any foreign state without the consent of the President of India.
    • No citizen or a foreigner holding any office of profit or trust within the territory of India can accept any present, emolument, or office from or under any foreign State without the consent of the president.

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