Question

Consider the following statements with respect to Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) :

1. It is a highly contagious viral disease of animals.

2. It affects cloven-hoofed animals, including cattle, buffalo, camels, sheep, goats, deer and pigs.

3. It is not readily transmissible to humans.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3 

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : 1, 2 and 3 

The correct answer is 1, 2 and 3.

In News -

• Mithun (Bos frontalis), a semi-domesticated bovine which is called the state animal of Arunachal Pradesh has been reportedly dying in the hilly areas of the Siang region in the Central part of the State.
• The most treasured animal reared in thousands in the hilly state is falling in great danger due to the outbreak of Foot & Mouth Disease (FMD).  

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) :

• Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a severe, highly contagious viral disease of livestock that has a significant economic impact. Hence statement 1 is correct.
• It affects cloven-hoofed animals (those with divided hoofs), including cattle, buffalo, camels, sheep, goats, deer and pigs. Hence statement 2 is correct.
• FMD is a viral disease that spreads rapidly between animals. The virus is excreted in breath, saliva, mucus, milk, and faeces.
• The virus can be excreted by animals for up to four days before clinical signs appear. Animals can become infected through inhalation, ingestion and direct contact.
• The disease spreads most commonly through the movement of infected animals. 
• It is reported in the Middle East, Africa, Asia and South America.
• FMD is not readily transmissible to humans and is not a public health risk. Hence statement 3 is correct.