Question

________ is a mechanical property of linear elastic solid materials which defines the relationship between stress and strain in a material.

1. Poisson’s ratio
2. Lateral modulus
3. Bulk modulus
4. Young’s modulus

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : Young’s modulus

Explanation:

Young's modulus: It states that the mechanical property of a material to withstand the compression or the elongation with respect to its length is called Young's modulus.

• It is also referred to as the Elastic Modulus or Tensile Modulus is a measure of mechanical properties of linear elastic solids like rods, wires, and such.
• There are other numbers that give us a measure of elastic properties of a material, like Bulk modulus and shear modulus, but the value of Young’s Modulus is most commonly used.
• This is because it gives us information about the tensile elasticity of a material (ability to deform along an axis).

Formula:

E = σ/ε

where E is Young’s modulus in Pa, σ is the uniaxial stress in Pa, ε is the strain or proportional deformation.

Shear modulus (G): It is one of the measures of mechanical properties of solids.

• Other elastic moduli are Young’s modulus and bulk modulus.
• The shear modulus of material gives us the ratio of shear stress to shear strain in a body.
• Measured using the SI unit pascal or Pa.
• The dimensional formula of Shear modulus is M1L-1T-2.

Formula:

G = τ/γ 

where, τ = shear stress (F/A), γ = shear strain (ΔL/L).

Bulk Modulus: It is given by the ratio of pressure applied to the corresponding relative decrease in the volume of the material.

Formula:

B = ΔP /(ΔV/V)

where, 

B: Bulk modulus

ΔP: change of the pressure or force applied per unit area on the material

ΔV: change of the volume of the material due to the compression

V: Initial volume of the material in the units of in the English system and N/m² in the metric system.