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_____ is the rigid dam that is constructed either with stone or brick masonry or mass concrete.


1. Solid gravity dam
2. Footing dam
3. Buttress dam
4. Sediment dam

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : Solid gravity dam

Concept:

Gravity dam

A gravity dam has been defined as a structure that is designed in such a way that its own weight resists external forces.

  • The main stabilizing force for a gravity dam is the self-weight of the dam. This type of structure is most durable and solid and requires very little maintenance.
  • Such a dam may be constructed of rock, masonry, or concrete. However, concrete gravity dams are preferred these days and mostly constructed. They can be constructed with ease on any dam site, where there exists a natural foundation strong enough to bear the enormous weight of the dam.
  • Maximum possible height (limiting height) of the dam is given by:

  • \({H_{max}} = \frac{f}{{{\gamma _w}\left( {{S_c} + 1} \right)}}\)

  • A low gravity dam is one whose height is less than Hmax.
  • A high gravity dam is one whose height is greater than Hmax.
  • A gravity dam is called a low dam if the base width is designed from the consideration of the resultant falling as close as possible to the extremities of the middle third of the base.

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