Correct Answer - Option 3 : Free fall of liquid column to attain a given velocity freely
Explanation:
Velocity Head: It is a fundamental concept of fluid mechanics representing the bulk motion, i.e. the fluid’s kinetic energy. It can also be transformed into the pressure that the fluid would obtain where it to be held without any energy loss.
It is measured as
Velocity head = \(\frac {v^2}{2g}\ \ m\)
Where v = velocity of fluid; g = acceleration due to gravity;
From the expression, it is clear that it is that height which is required to attain a velocity v in under free fall.
Bernoulli's Equation: The theorem displays the conservation of energy in a flow system by linking velocity, pressure, and elevation.
\(\frac{{{P_1}}}{{\rho g}} + \frac{{V_1^2}}{{2g}} + {z_1} = \frac{{{P_2}}}{{\rho g}} + \frac{{V_2^2}}{{2g}} + {z_2} + {h_f}\)
\(\frac {P}{\rho g}\) = Pressure Head
\(\frac {v^2}{2g}\) = Velocity Head
z2 = Elevation Head
