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Consider the following pairs:

Type of Diversity Example

1. Genetic diversity: Mangroves Forests and Rain Forests

2. Species diversity: Greater amphibian species in the Western Ghats than the Eastern Ghats

3. Ecosystem diversity: Different varieties of Mango found in India

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?


1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

1 Answer

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Best answer
Correct Answer - Option 2 : 2 only

The correct answer is 2 only.

  • Genetics
    • Genetics is the branch of science that deals with the study of genes, genetic variations, and heredity in organisms. Genes are made up of DNA and are a type of genetic instruction. These instructions are used to make molecules and control the chemical reaction of life. These are passed from parent to offspring.
  • Evolution
    • It is the process of heritable changes in the population of organisms over several generations. The inherited traits are the expression of genes that are copied and passed on to the offspring during reproduction. The heritable traits that are helpful for survival and reproduction become more common, while the harmful traits become rare.
  • Evolutionary Genetics
    • Evolutionary genetics is the study of how genetics leads to evolutionary change. It involves the study of the evolution of genome structure. It is the sum of population genetics and evolution.
    • Genome evolution is the process by which the size and structure of the genome change with time. The prokaryote genome evolves by mutation, transduction, and horizontal gene transfer.
  • Mangrove Forests and Rain forests are examples of ecosystem diversity. Hence Pair 1 is incorrectly matched.
  • Ecosystem diversity refers to the diversity at the ecosystem level. India, for instance, with its deserts, rain forests, mangroves, coral reefs, wetlands, estuaries, and alpine meadows has a greater ecosystem diversity than a Scandinavian country like Norway.
  • Species diversity refers to the diversity at the species level. The fact that the Western Ghats have a greater amphibian species diversity than the Eastern Ghats is an example of species diversity. Hence Pair 2 is correctly matched.
  • Genetic diversity – A single species might show high diversity at the genetic level over its distributional range. Different varieties of Mangoes found in India are an example of Genetic diversity. India has more than 50,000 genetically different strains of rice and 1,000 varieties of mango. Hence Pair 3 is incorrectly matched.

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