Correct Answer - Option 2 : culture free IQ
Intelligence test has been classified based on a number of criteria such as based on the number of participants who can attempt the test, based on items used in the test and whether the test can be used across different cultures or not.
- Every culture is unique in terms of its values, language, expectations, demands and environmental experiences. A child reared in America will be very different in many respects from a child brought up in an Indian sub-urban area. Due to this reason, in order to assess individual belonging to different cultures psychologists came up with tests which are free from any cultural biases. Some of the famous culture-fair tests are.
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The Culture Fair Test (Cattell, 1940), Raven’s Progressive Matrices (Raven, 1938, 1986, 1995), The Leiter International Performance ScaleRevised (Roid &Miller, 1997) and Draw-a-Man Test (Goodenough, 1926). All these and other culturally faired tests are non-verbal in nature. Now we will discuss an example of culture-fair intelligence test-Draw-a-Man test.
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Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPM) frees itself from the effects of language and speed. The test contains abstract figures that are considered not to favour any particular culture.
Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that Raven’s progressive matrices test is an example of a culture-free IQ test.