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Which of the following statements is INCORRECT with reference to the first law of thermodynamics?
1. Work done by a system on its surroundings is a positive quantity
2. Energy transfer to a system from its surroundings is a positive quantity
3. Heat interaction is a path function
4. Energy transfer is a point function

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : Energy transfer is a point function

Explanation:

First Law of Thermodynamics for a closed system undergoing a process neglecting kinetic and potential energy.

δQ = dU + δW

Work done  on the system = sign convention is -ve

Work done by the system = sign convention is +ve

Heat or energy transfer to the system = sign convention is +ve

Heat or energy transfer from the system = sign convention is -ve

Path functions:

  • Path functions are defined as the thermodynamical variables which depend on the way/path in which the thermodynamical system achieved the initial and final states.
  • The differential of path functions is inexact.
  • Heat, Energy transfer, work and entropy generation are path functions.

Point functions:

  • Point functions are defined as the thermodynamic variable which depends on end states only i.e. initial and final states. They do not depend upon the path followed.
  • The differential of point functions is exact.
  • Pressure, temperature, volume, entropy, enthalpy etc are point functions.

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