Correct Answer - Option 1 : Eduard Bernstein
Eduard Bernstein was a German social democratic Marxist theorist and politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), Bernstein had held close association to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, but he began to identify what he believed to be errors in Marxist thinking and began to criticize views held by Marxism when he investigated and challenged the Marxist materialist theory of history.
Eduard Bernstein said that “To me that which is generally called the ultimate aim of socialism is nothing, but the movement is everything”, has often been conceived as a denial of every definite aim of the socialist movement. There, indeed, a passage reads that it is certainly indispensable for revolutionary socialism to take as its ultimate aim the nationalisation of all the means of production, but not for practical political socialism which places near aims in front of distant ones.
