Correct Answer - Option 2 : Edward Thorndike
Thorndike was a great psychologist who propounded the stimulus-response experience. Edward Lee Thorndike (1874-1949) was a professor of American Psychology, a disciple of William James who developed a series of laws about trial and error learning on a hungry cat.
Edward Thorndike developed the first three laws of learning: Law of readiness, Law of exercise, and Law of effect.
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Law of exercise
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- It is based on practice and drills to learn something for a long period.
- This is essentially constituted of two laws i.e. the law of use and the law of disuse.
- The first relates to the strengthening of the connection of stimulus (cause) and response (the behavior) by repetition.
- For example, a child keeps on trying to ride a bicycle even after falling several times.
- The opposite of the first relates to the weakening of connection when not used frequently.
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Law of readiness
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- It refers to the degree of eagerness and inquisitiveness to learn something new.
- It implies that if one is not ready to learn something, one cannot learn it effectively.
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Law of effect
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- It is based on motivation and reinforcement to make the learning experience pleasant for learners.
- It implies that it is human being natural tendency to learn things that give us happiness and satisfaction.
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Therefore, the psychologist Edward Thorndike developed the first three laws of learning - readiness, exercise, and effect.
