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Identify the complete and correct statement of the first law of thermodynamics
1. During a process, extracting work without supplying heat, while sacrificing the energy of the system.
2. Difference between the heat and work interactions during a process, which is property of the system.
3. When a closed system executes a complete cycle, the sum of heat interactions is equal to the sum of work interactions.
4. When a system undergoes a cycle, the integral of heat is equal to the integral of work.

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Correct Answer - Option 3 : When a closed system executes a complete cycle, the sum of heat interactions is equal to the sum of work interactions.

Explanation: 

The first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic systems. 

  • The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant
  • Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another.
     

The first law is often formulated by stating that the change in the internal energy of a closed system is equal to the amount of heat supplied to the system, minus the amount of work done by the system on its surroundings

δQ = ΔU + δW

ΔU = δQ - δW

According to the First Law of thermodynamics, “For a closed system undergoing a cycle, net heat transfer is equal to network transfer.”

ΣQ = ΣW.

∴ Option(3) is the Correct Answer.

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