Question

Which among the following cell organelles is named after a scientist who discovered it?
1. Mitochondria
2. Plastid
3. Golgi Complex
4. Lysosomes

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : Golgi Complex

Explanation:

Golgi Complex

• Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex was first described by Camillo Golgi. 
• It consists of a system of membrane-bound vesicles (flattened sacs) arranged approximately parallel to each other in stacks called cisterns.
• While ER synthesis protein and lipid. Golgi body chemically modifies these materials. 

Functions

• storage, modification and packaging of products in vesicles.
• In some cases, complex sugars may be made from simple sugars in the Golgi apparatus.
• The Golgi apparatus is also involved in the formation of lysosomes

So the correct option is Golgi Complex. 

 Plastid

• Plastids are the double membrane-bound cell organelles found in plant cells. They are generally biconvex in shape.
• Due to their large size, they are easily observable under a microscope.
• They possess specific pigments that impart or give colors to different parts of the plants.
• Based on the presence or absence of pigments, they are divided into three types Chloroplast, Chromoplast & Leucoplast.

Lysosomes

• These are membrane-bound vesicular structures formed by the process of packaging in the Golgi apparatus.
• These are also called ''Suicidal bags'' because of their phagocytic activity. Lysosome keeps the cell clean by digesting any foreign material as well as worn-out cell organelles.
•  If any cell or cell organelle gets damaged, the lysosome digest the damaged cell or cell organelle by the application of hydrolytic enzymes (hydrolases – lipases, proteases, carbohydrates)

Mitochondria: 

• Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles present in all eukaryotic cells' cytoplasm.
• Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration.
  They produce cellular energy in the form of ATP, hence they are called ‘power houses’ of the cell.