Question

Select the statement, which is the logical equivalent to the given statement. “If my paper is late, then my grade is lower.”
1. If my paper is not late, then my grade is not lower.
2. If my grade is lower, then my paper is late.
3. If my grade is not lower, then my paper is not late.
4. None of the above

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : If my grade is not lower, then my paper is not late.

Given:

“If my paper is late, then my grade is lower.”

1) If my paper is not late, then my grade is not lower. → False, it is given If my paper is late, then my grade is lower but does not means that if the paper is not late then my grade is not lower. Because there may be other reasons for lowering grades.

2) If my grade is lower, then my paper is late.  → False, because lower or higher grades does not effect paper's timing.

3) If my grade is not lower, then my paper is not late. → True, it is given If my paper is late, then my grade is lower. It also implies that if my paper is not late then my grade is not lower.

4) None of the above → False, as option 3 is true.

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.