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Humidity is measured by which of the following instruments?
1. Barometer
2. Hygrometer
3. Thermometer
4. Hydrometer

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Correct Answer - Option 2 : Hygrometer

Humidity: 

  • Humidity is the intensity of water vapour that's present in the air.
  • Water vapour is the last or gaseous state of water, is generally invisible to the human.
  • Humidity indicates the likelihood for dew, precipitation or fog to be present.

Hygrometer:

  • A hygrometer is used to measure relative humidity.
  • The relative humidity is measured in the air by a hygrometer.
  • The relative humidity is represented as a proportion; it represents the amount of humidity in the air, or vapour, to the maximum amount of humidity that the air can possibly contain.
  • On a scale of zero to 100, relative humidity is evaluated, the greater the value, the more moisture content in the air. 

​Thus, to measure humidity, we use a hygrometer.

Relative Humidity:

  • Relative humidity tells us how much water vapour is in the air, compared to how much it could hold at that temperature.
  • If the relative humidity is 100%, the air is saturated.
  • If the relative humidity is 50%, the air contains half the water vapour required for it to be saturated.
  • If the amount of water vapour in the air increases, the relative humidity increases, and vice versa.
  • If the water vapour content stays the same and the temperature drops, the relative humidity increases.
  • If the water vapour content stays the same and the temperature rises, the relative humidity decreases. 
  • This is because colder air doesn’t require as much moisture to become saturated as warmer air. 

Devices

Purpose

Pitot tube

The velocity of flow in rivers or open channel flow velocity measurement.

Hydrometer The relative density of liquids/specific gravity.

Orifice Meter

Discharge in a pipe.

Tensiometer

The capillary potential of soil water.

Piezometer

Measurement of low pressure at any point in pipe flow.

Thermometer The temperature of a body.

Single column manometer

Measurement of high pressure at any point in pipe flow.

Differential manometer

Measurement of the difference in pressures between two points in a pipe.

Spring Balance

Measures weight or Force acting on the object by measuring the tension of a spring.

Barometer

Measurement of atmospheric pressure.

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