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In a steam power plant, the function of _______ is to utilise the waste heat of the flue gases for heating the feed water.
1. a boiler
2. a superheater
3. an economiser
4. a condenser

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Correct Answer - Option 3 : an economiser

Economizer:

  • It is also known as feedwater heater. It is a device in which the waste heat of the flue gases is utilized for heating the feed water.
  • In a steam boiler, it is a heat exchanger device that heats up fluids or recovers residual heat from the combustion product i.e. flue gases in a thermal power plant before being released through the chimney.
  • Economiser is situated before air pre-heater in the flue gas path. 
  • Economiser increases the efficiency of the power plant.

 

Important Points:

Air preheater:

  • Air preheaters are used in large boilers found in thermal power stations producing electric power.
  • An air preheater or air heater is a general term to describe any device designed to heat air before another process (for example, combustion in a boiler) with the primary objective of increasing the thermal efficiency of the process.
  • The purpose of the air preheater is to recover the heat from the boiler flue gas which increases the thermal efficiency of the boiler by reducing the useful heat lost in the flue gas.

 

Superheater:

  • A superheater is a device used to convert saturated steam or wet steam into superheated steam or dry steam
  • Superheated steam is used in steam turbines for electricity generation, steam engines, and in processes such as steam reforming
  • While the temperature of the steam in the superheater rises, the pressure remains the same as that of the boiler.

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