Correct Answer - Option 4 : knowledge and some degree of cognitive efforts
Assessment in a classroom is required to assess the performance of learners. It helps a teacher to become aware of the learning outcomes of the learners, how they learn, what they have learned, and where they require improvement.
- Asking questions in a classroom is also a form of assessment. The teacher usually asks different types of questions to the students in a class to assess their level of achievements in learning.
Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) based questions
- These types of questions are usually asked to make the learners think "out of the box" i.e., divergently.
- These types of questions can not be answered through simple ways such as recalling the knowledge.
- To answer these, the students must need to think creatively, critically, and logically.
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Only the knowledge is not enough to answer these types of questions, but the students have to put some effort from their cognitive level.
- The teacher needs to encourage the students to think beyond the normal level and to analyze the information, data, and knowledge.
Hence, it is concluded that the Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) based questions demand knowledge and some degree of cognitive effort.