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Consider the following statements :
1. The boundaries of a National Park are defined by legislation.
2. A Biosphere Reserve is declared to conserve a few specific species of flora and fauna.
3. In a Wildlife Sanctuary, limited biotic interference is permitted.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 


1. 1 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

1 Answer

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Best answer
Correct Answer - Option 3 : 1 and 3 only

The correct answer is 1 and 3 only.

 

  • The fixed boundary of a National Park is described in the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
  • The legislation states the actual area of the National Park which is notified by the state government. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
  • A biosphere reserve conserves an ecosystem and not just few specific species of plants and animals. Hence, statement 2 is Not correct
  • The difference between a Sanctuary and a National Park mainly lies in the vesting of rights of people living inside. Unlike a Sanctuary, where certain rights can be allowed, in a National Park, no rights are allowed. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

  • A National park is an area with enough ecological, geo-morphological, and natural significance with rich fauna and flora.
    • It is designed to protect and develop wildlife or its environment.
    • National parks in India are IUCN category II protected areas.
    • Activities like grazing, hunting, forestry or cultivation, etc. are strictly prohibited.
    • No human activity is permitted inside the national park except for the ones permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the state.
    • India’s first national park was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park, now known as Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand.
    • There are 104 existing national parks in India covering an area of 40501.13 km2, which is 1.23% of the geographical area of the country (National Wildlife Database, May 2019).
  • Wildlife Sanctuary:-
    • Any area other than area comprised with any reserve forest or the territorial waters can be notified by the State Government to constitute as a sanctuary if such area is of adequate ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural. or zoological significance, for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wildlife or its environment.
    • The difference between a Sanctuary and a National Park mainly lies in the vesting of rights of people living inside.
    • Unlike a Sanctuary, where certain rights can be allowed, in a National Park, no rights are allowed. 
    • No grazing of any livestock is permitted inside a National Park while in a Sanctuary, the Chief Wildlife Warden may regulate, control or prohibit it.
    • There are a total of 551 wildlife sanctuaries in India.
  • Biosphere reserves:-
    • Biosphere reserves are the protected areas meant for the conservation of flora and fauna.
    • The Biosphere Reserves are identified by the Man and Biosphere Reserve Program of UNSECO started in 1971 to promote sustainable development.
    • There are 18 Biosphere Reserves in India out of which 12 are a part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves, based on the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme list.

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