Question

Which of the following processes makes direct use of oxygen?
1. Glycolysis
2. Fermentation
3. Citric Acid Cycle
4. Electron transport

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : Electron transport

The correct answer is Electron transport.

• The electron transport system is the stage in cellular respiration in which oxidative phosphorylation occurs and the bulk of the ATP is produced.
  •  The electron transport system creates an electron gradient inside the mitochondria along the inner membrane so that when protons re-enter the matrix through the ATP synthase, their potential energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP.
  • The electron transport chain (ETC) also known as a respiratory chain is the final pathway in aerobic cells by which the electrons are transferred to oxygen.
  • ETC contains a series of oxidation, reduction enzymes, co-enzymes, and electron carrier cytochromes.
  • The ETC chain is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

 

• Glycolysis is the Cytoplasm Phase.
  • The word glycolysis means "glucose splitting".
  • It is the first stage of cellular respiration.
  • It is an anaerobic process - it does not need oxygen to proceed.
  • There are three Stages of Glycolysis:
    • Glucose is trapped and destabilized.
    • Two interconvertible three-carbon molecules are generated by the cleavage of six-carbon fructose.
    • ATP is generated.
• Fermentation is any metabolic process in which microorganisms’ activity creates a desirable change in food and beverages, whether it’s increasing flavor, preserving foodstuffs, providing health benefits, or more.
  • Fermentation is similar to anaerobic respiration—the kind that takes place when there isn’t enough oxygen present.
  • Fermentation leads to the production of different organic molecules like lactic acid, which also leads to ATP, unlike respiration, which uses pyruvic acid.
• Krebs cycle is also known as Citric Acid Cycle or Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle.
  • It takes place in the mitochondrial matrix.
  • In this process, glucose and other molecules are breaks down into carbon dioxide and water in the presence of oxygen.
  • 2 ATP is produced in the Krebs cycle.