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King Kanishka of ancient India belonged to which of the following dynasties?
1. Maurya
2. Shunga
3. Kanva
4. Kushan

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : Kushan

The correct answer is Kushan.

  • Kushan Empire:
    • The founder of the Kushan dynasty was Kujala Kadphises. 
    • The Yuezhi reached the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, located in northern Afghanistan and Uzbekistan, around 135 BCE, and displaced the Greek dynasties that resettled to the southeast in areas of the Hindu Kush and the Indus basin, in present-day Afghanistan and Pakistan. 
    • Kushans, northwest India, and adjoining regions participated both in seagoing trade and in commerce along the Silk Road to China.
    • The rule of Kanishka, the third Kushan emperor who flourished from the late first to the early mid-second century A.D., was administered from two capitals: Purushapura (now Peshawar) near the Khyber Pass, and Mathura in northern India.
    • The Kushans were one of five branches of the Yuezhi confederation and Indo-European nomadic people. The Yuezhi lived in the grasslands of the eastern Central Asia Basin.
Kushan Rulers CE
Vima Kadphises 100-125
Kaniska 126-164
Huviska 164-198
Vasudeva 200-220
Kaniska II 220-230
Kaniska III 230-240

  • ​Kanva Dynasty:
    • The Kanva dynasty was a Brahman dynasty founded by Vasudeva Kanva.
    • Devabhuti was killed by his own minister, Vasudeva Kanva.
    • Susarman was the last ruler of the Kanva dynasty.
    • In 30 B.C.the southern powers swept away both the Kanvas and Sungas and the province of Eastern Malwa was absorbed within the dominions of the Satavahanas.
  • Shunga Dynasty:
    • The Shunga Empire succeeded the Maurya Empire in 185 BCE.
    • The Shunga Empire was known for its cultural legacies.
    • Patanjali’s Mahabhashya and the expansion of the Great Stupa at Sanchi.
    • During their rule, there was a revival of Brahmanical influence. The Bhagavata religion became important.
    • He performed Vedic sacrifices such as Ashvamedha, Rajasuya, and Vijaya.
    • Pushyamitra Sunga patronized the Sanskrit grammarian Patanjali who wrote Mahabhasya and it was the commentary on Panini’s Sanskrit grammar Ashtadhyayi.
  • ​Maurya Dynasty:
    • Chandragupta Maurya founder of the Maurya Empire and he lived from 340-298 BCE.
    • The Maurya Empire was one of the largest empires in the world.
    • Chanakya: Maurya’s teacher and loyal advisor during the foundation and expansion of the Maurya Empire.
    • Nanda Empire: The kingdom led by Dhana Nanda and conquered by Chandragupta Maurya in 321 BCE.

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