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The number of chromosomes in parents and offsprings of a particular species remains constant due to ___________.
1. Doubling of chromosomes after zygote formation
2. Halving of chromosomes during gamete formation
3. Doubling of chromosomes after gamete formation  
4. Halving of chromosomes after gamete formation

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Correct Answer - Option 2 : Halving of chromosomes during gamete formation

The correct answer is the Halving of chromosomes during gamete formation.

  • During gamete formation, the number of chromosomes in each gamete is halved due to meiosis. In meiosis, diploid cells form four haploid cells having half number of chromosomes.
  • During gamete formation, there is meiosis in which the mother cell divides into 4 cells having a half number of chromosomes.
  • In fertilization, male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote having the same number of chromosomes as parents. Hence, the number of chromosomes remains constant.
  • The gametes are a special type of cells that contain only half the amount of DNA as compared to normal cells of an organism. So, when a male gamete combines with a female gamete during sexual reproduction, then the new cell 'zygote' will have the normal amount of DNA.
  • The original chromosome number (as in parent) is restored after fertilization in sexual reproduction.

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