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A plant bud is
1. An embryonic shoot
2. An embryonic leaf
3. An endosperm
4. A seed

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : An embryonic shoot

The correct answer is An embryonic shoot.

  • A plant bud is an embryonic shoot.
  • Plant Bud:
    • Plant Buds are small outgrowth present terminally on the stem or in the axil of leaves.
    • They are derived from meristematic tissues and develop into leaf, shoot, or flower.
    • A complete flower is one that consists of sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil.
    • On the contrary, an incomplete flower is one that lacks one or more of these structures.
    • A complete flower consists of two different parts:
      • Vegetative Part
      • Reproductive Part

  • Embryonic leaf:
    • Dry seeds contained three embryonic leaf primordia at different developmental stages (plastochron 1–3 primordia). The oldest (P3) leaf primordium possessed several procambial centers whereas P2 displayed only ground meristem.
    • At the tip of P3 primordia at stage S4, C4 leaf anatomy typical of the malate dehydrogenase-dependent nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADP-ME) subtype was evident in that vascular bundles lacked a mestome layer and were surrounded by a single layer of bundle sheath cells that contained large, centrifugally located chloroplasts.
    • Two to three mesophyll cells separated adjacent vascular bundles and one mesophyll cell layer on each of the abaxial and adaxial sides delimited vascular bundles from the epidermis.
  • Endosperm:
    • The endosperm is the tissue that surrounds and nourishes the embryo in the seeds of angiosperms (flowering plants).
    • In some seeds, the endosperm is completely absorbed in maturity (e.g., pea and bean), and the fleshy food-storing cotyledons nourish the embryo as it germinates.
    • In others, some of the endosperms are present until germination (e.g., wheat, castor bean), and the cotyledons are typically thin and membranous and serve to absorb the stored food from the endosperm upon germination.
    • In the coconut, the liquid endosperm contains important growth substances.
    • Endosperm accounts for the economic importance of cereal grains and oilseeds.
  • Seed:
    • Seed is the characteristic reproductive body of both angiosperms (flowering plants) and gymnosperms (e.g., conifers, cycads, and ginkgos).
    • Essentially, a seed consists of a miniature undeveloped plant (the embryo), which, alone or in the company of stored food for its early development after germination, is surrounded by a protective coat (the testa).
    • Frequently small in size and making negligible demands upon their environment, seeds are eminently suited to perform a wide variety of functions the relationships of which are not always obvious: multiplication, perennation (surviving seasons of stress such as winter), dormancy (a state of arrested development), and dispersal.
    • Pollination and the “seed habit” are considered the most important factors responsible for the overwhelming evolutionary success of the flowering plants, which number more than 300,000 species.

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