Correct Answer - Option 3 : Plane Survey
Concept:
The art of determining the relative positions of the object on the surface of the earth by taking measurements in the horizontal and vertical planes is called Surveying.
Plane Surveying:
- A plane survey is a type of survey in which the effect of the curvature of the earth is neglected assuming the earth's surface to be plane.
- All triangles formed by survey lines are considered plane triangles.
- Generally suitable for the area less than 250 km2.
- The degree of accuracy is less.
Geodetic Surveying:
- The surveys in which the curvature of the earth is taken into consideration are known as geodetic surveying.
- All lines lying on the surface are curved lines and the triangles are spherical triangles.
- It is considered to be geodetic when the limit of the survey is more than 250 km2.
- The degree of accuracy is high.
Geological Survey:
A geological survey is the systematic investigation of the geology beneath a given piece of ground for the purpose of creating a geological map or model.
Aerial Survey:
A Survey conducted from an elevation to study the land surface is known as the aerial survey.