Question

What is the large part of the northern plain lying above the floodplains, formed of older alluvium, presenting a terrace-like structure called?
1. Bhabhar
2. Khadar
3. Bhangar
4. Jhajjar

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : Bhangar

The correct answer is Bhangar.

• The largest part of the northern plain is formed of older Alluvium. They lie above the flood plains of the rivers and present a terrace-like feature. This part is known as Bhangar.
• The soil in the Northern Plain Region contains calcareous deposits locally known as Kankar. The newer, younger deposits of the flood plains are called Khadar. They are renewed almost every year and so are fertile, thus, ideal for intensive agriculture.

Bhangar Soil	Khadar Soil
The Bhangar soils are found in the higher reaches, about 30 meters above the flood level.	The Khadar soils are found in the low areas of the valley, the bottom of the valley which is flooded every year.
These are coarser in texture.	These soils are finer in texture.
These are comparatively less fertile and are comparatively not suitable for agriculture purposes.	These are relatively more fertile and are suitable for agriculture purposes.

• The Northern Plain:
  • The Northern Plain was formed by the interplay of the three major river systems, namely– the Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra and their tributaries. 
  • This plain is formed of alluvial soil. The deposition of alluvium in a vast basin lying at the foothills of the Himalaya over millions of years formed this fertile plain. 
  • It is a densely populated physiographic division. With a rich soil cover combined with an adequate water supply and favourable climate, it is agriculturally a very productive part of India.