Question

The reaction: 3ClO^-(aq) → ClO₃^- + 2Cl^- (aq) is an example is:
1. Oxidation reaction
2. reduction reaction
3. Disproportionation reaction
4. Comproportionation reaction

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : Disproportionation reaction

Concept:

Disproportionation reaction:

• A disproportionation reaction, typically a redox reaction is a reaction in which an element is both oxidized and reduced in the same reaction.
• The reverse reaction of disproportionation is called comproportionation.
• An example of disproportionation reaction is:

2CuBr → CuBr2 + Cu

Comproportionation reaction:

• It is a chemical reaction in which two reactants, containing the same element in different oxidation states, will form a product in which the elements reach the same oxidation state.
• It is the reverse of the Disproportionation reaction.
• An example of synproportionation or comproportionation reaction is:

Ag+2 + Ag → 2Ag+ is 

Oxidation reaction:

• Oxidation Reaction refers to a reaction in which either the addition of Oxygen takes place or the removal of Hydrogen takes place.
• It can also be said as the process of loss of one or more electrons by atoms or ions.
• Example is:

Mg + O2 = Mg2O

Reduction Reaction:

• Reduction Reaction refers to a reaction in which either the addition of Hydrogen takes place or the removal of oxygen takes place.

• In the process of reduction, a chemical species also gains electrons.
• It is the reverse of the oxidation reaction.
• Example is:

H2 + F2 → 2HF

Explanation:

• A disproportionation reaction is when a multiatomic species whose pertinent element has a specific oxidation state gets oxidized and reduced in two separate half-reactions, yielding two other products containing the same pertinent element. It is also called a redox reaction.
• In the reaction,

3ClO-(aq) → ClO3- + 2Cl-

Species	Oxidation state of Cl
ClO-	+1
ClO3-	+5
Cl-	-1

• In the above reaction, the species ClO^- is getting oxidized to ClO₃^- and reduced to Cl^- at the same time.
• Thus the reaction is a disproportionation reaction.