Question

Study the diagram given below and then answer the questions that follow :

(i) Name the cells of the pancreas that produce (1) glucagon, (2) insulin.

(ii) State the main function of (1) glucagon, (2) insulin.

(iii) Why is the pancreas referred to as an exo-endocrine gland ?

(iv) Why is insulin not given orally but is injected into the body ?

(v) What is the technical term for the cells of the pancreas that produce endocrine hormones ?

(vi) Where in the body is the pancreas located ?

Answer 1

(i) (1) Alpha cells of islet of Langerhans 

(2) Beta cells of islet of Langerhans.

(ii) (1) It increases blood sugar level.

(2) It decreases blood sugar level.

(iii) Pancreas produces pancreatic juice which is carried by pancreatic duct into the duodenum. It also produces hormones which are poured into blood. Because of this dual activity, it is called an exo-endocrine gland.

(iv) If insulin is given orally it will be digested by the protein digesting enzymes in the stomach. Hence it has to be injected.

(v) Islets of Langerhans were:

(vi) Below the stomach.