Correct Answer - Option 1 : 1
Concept:
- It is the maximum number of electrons an atom loses, gains, or shares in order to become stable.
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Valence electrons are the electrons that occupy the outermost orbitals of an atom.
- These electrons have a weak attraction towards the atomic nucleus; thus, atoms can easily remove or share these electrons with other atoms.
- By sharing, gain or donating electrons, chemical bonds are formed between the atoms.
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Valency is determined by the number of electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom.
- For example, Na has valency one because it has one electron in its outermost shell and also because it loses one electron during chemical bond formation.
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Carbon has valency four because it shares four electrons during bond formation.
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Halogens like chlorine have seven electrons in their outermost shell but their valency is not seven, in fact, it is one because it gains one electron when forming chemical bonds.
Explanation:
- The nucleus of the atom contains nine protons, we know that an atom as a whole is neutral.
- In order to balance the charge of nine protons, the element will have nine electrons in its orbits.
- If the element has nine electrons, the configuration of the element will be 2,7.
- In the configuration, we see that the element needs only one electron to complete its octet.
- So, in order to complete its octet, the element will readily accept or share one electron.
- As the element accepts one electron, its valency is one.
Hence, if the nucleus of an element contains nine protons. Its valency would be one.
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- The element will nine electrons will have atomic number 9.
- The element with atomic number nine is Fluorine.
- We know that valency of F is 1.
