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Which of the species has the same number of electrons, proton, and neutrons?
1. 54X27
2. 55X+27
3. 54X26
4. 55X+28

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : 54X27

Concept-:

  • An atom is made up of subatomic particles of negatively charged electrons, positively charged protons, and neutral neutrons.
  • The number of protons and electrons in an atom is the same so as to make the atom neutral as a whole
  • The total number of electrons (or protons) in a neutral atom is called its atomic number, denoted by Z.
  • The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is known as its Mass Number and is denoted by A
  • The number of neutrons is calculated by the difference in M-A.
  • An element is represented as writing the symbol and writing the atomic number as subscript and atomic mass as superscript like.
  • When an element gains one electron, the number of electrons exceeds the number of protons and hence it gains a negative charge.
  • The negative charge is equal to the number of electrons gained.
  • When an element loses electrons, it gains a positive charge and the amount of positive charge is equal to the number of loss in protons.
  • The negatively charged species is called the anion is written as X- whereas the positively charged species is called the cation.


​Calculation:

The species and their number of electrons, protons, and neutrons are:

Species Electrons Protons Neutrons
54X27 27 27 54 - 27 = 27
55X+27 27 - 1 = 26 27 55 - 27 = 28
54X26 26 26 54 - 26 = 28
55X+28 28 - 1 = 27 28 55 - 28 = 27

 

  • From the above table, we see that 54X27 has 27 neutrons, 27 protons, and 27 electrons.

Hence, the species having the same number of electrons, proton, and neutrons is 54X27.

  • Electrons lie outside of the nucleus in circular paths called orbits or shells whereas the protons lie inside of the nucleus.
  • The number of electrons in an atom can be altered by the gain or loss of electrons but not protons.
  • The removal of electrons from the outermost shells of electrons can be done by providing them with an energy called ionization energy.

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