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Pick out the isoelectronic structure from the Following:

I.CH3+, II.H3O+, III. NH3, IV. CH3-


1. I and II
2. III and IV
3. I and III
4. II, III, IV

1 Answer

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : II, III, IV
Concept: 

Isoelectronic species :

  • Those species having the same number of electrons but differ in nuclear charge are called isoelectronic species.
  • Example: Mg2+, Na+, F–, and O2–  have 10 electrons each so they are isoelectronic.
  • But, their radius is different due to differences in nuclear charges. 
  • Ionic radius decreases along a period for Isoelectronic ions.

​Isostructural species:

  • The species which have different atoms or elements in them but have the same hybridization and structure are called isostructural species.
  • Examples are NFand NH3, they have both sp3 hybridization and pyramidal shape.

Explanation:

  • The species and their structures and number of electrons are given below:
Molecule Number of electrons
CH3+ 6(from C) + 3 (from H) - 1(charge) = 8
H3O  8(from O) + 3(from H) - 1(positive charge) = 10
NH3 7(from N) +  3 × 1(from H) = 10

CH3-

6(from C) + 3 (from H) + 1(charge) = 10
  • From the table above we see that CH3-, NH3, H3O+ all have 10 electrons in them.
  • Hence, they are isoelectronic species.

Thus the correct option is II, III, IV.

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