Question

Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell?
1. Ribosomes
2. Golgi apparatus
3. Mitochondrion
4. Centrosomes

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : Ribosomes

The Correct Answer is Ribosomes.

• Ribosomes are macromolecular machines, found within all living cells, which perform biological protein synthesis.
• Ribosomes consist of two major components: the small and large ribosomal subunits. Each sub-unit consists of one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and many ribosomal proteins (RPs or r-proteins).
• Ribosomes were first observed in the mid-1950s by Romanian-American cell biologist George Emil Palade, using an electron microscope, as dense particles or granules. The term 'ribosome' was proposed by scientist Richard B. Roberts at the end of the 1950s.

• Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. Part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm, it packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination.
• The mitochondrion is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms. Some cells in some multicellular organisms lack mitochondria.
• Centrosomes are organelles that serve as the main microtubule-organizing centres for animal cells. Centrosomes are made up of two, barrel-shaped clusters of microtubules called 'centrioles'.