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Choose the correct statement about P-type and N-type semiconductor.
1. P-type is intrinsic and N-type is extrinsic semiconductor.
2. Majority charge carrier of P-type is electrons and that of N-type is holes.
3. When trivalent impurity is added in intrinsic then P-type is formed and when pentavalent is added then N-type is formed. 
4. All are correct.
5. None of these

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Correct Answer - Option 3 : When trivalent impurity is added in intrinsic then P-type is formed and when pentavalent is added then N-type is formed. 

CONCEPT:

  • The material which is not a good conductor or a good insulator is called as a semiconductor.
  • For example: Silicon
  • The charge carriers which are present in more quantity in a semiconductor compared to other particles are called the majority charge carrier.
  • The impurity atoms added are called dopants and semiconductors doped with the impurity atoms are called extrinsic or doped semiconductors.
  • The pure form of semiconductor is called intrinsic semiconductor.


There are two types of semiconductors:

  • P-type semiconductor: The semiconductor having holes as majority charge carriers and electrons as a minority charge carrier is called as P-type semiconductor.
    • When trivalent impurity is doped in intrinsic semiconductor then we got P-type semiconductor. For example: gallium, indium 
  • N-type semiconductor: The semiconductor having electrons as majority charge carriers and holes as a minority charge carrier are called as N-type semiconductor.
    • When pentavalent impurity is doped in intrinsic semiconductor then we got N-type semiconductor. For example: Arsenic


EXPLANATION:

  • Both P-type and N-type are extrinsic semiconductor. So option 1 is wrong.
  • From above it clear that holes are the majority charge carriers in P-type semiconductors and electron are the majority charge carriers in N-type semiconductor. So option 2 is wrong.
  • When trivalent impurity is added in intrinsic then P-type is formed and when pentavalent is added then N-type is formed. So option 3 is correct.

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