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Which of the following is not a provision of the Representation of the People Act, 1950?
1. Qualification and disqualifications for membership of Parliament and State Legislatures
2. Allocation of seats in the House of the People, the State Legislative Assemblies and the State Legislative Councils
3. Delimitation of Parliamentary, Assembly Constituencies
4. Local authorities for purpose of elections to the State Legislative Councils

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : Qualification and disqualifications for membership of Parliament and State Legislatures

Qualification and disqualifications for membership of Parliament and State Legislatures are included in both Constitution, as well as the Representation of People's Act 1951. Hence, Option 1 is NOT correct.

  • Provision of the Representation of the People Act, 1950:
    • Allocation of seats in the House of the People:
      • The allocation of seats to the States in the House of the People and the number of seats, if any, to be reserved for the Scheduled Castes, and the Scheduled Tribes of each State shall be as shown in the First Schedule.
    • The extent of each assembly constituency in all the States and Union Territories except the assembly constituencies in the States of Arunachal  Pradesh, Assam, Jharkhand, Manipur, and Nagaland shall be as determined by the orders of the Delimitation Commission made under the provisions of the  Delimitation Act, 2002.
      • The extent of each assembly constituency in the States of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Jharkhand, Manipur, and Nagaland shall be as provided for in the Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 having regard to the provisions of sections 10A and 10B of the Delimitation Act, 2002.
    • The staff of local authorities to be made available:
      • Every local authority in a State shall, when so requested by the chief electoral officer of the State, make available to any electoral registration officer such staff as may be necessary for the performance of any duties in connection with the preparation and revision of electoral rolls.

  • The Constitution of India as well as the Parliament of India has laid down qualifications and disqualifications for being elected as a member of the State Legislative Assembly and State Legislative Council.
  • Qualifications:
    • Constitutional Provisions:
      • Citizenship of India
      • Subscription to an oath or affirmation before the person authorized by the Election Commission.
      • Age must be not less than 25 years for the legislative assembly and not less than 30 years for the legislative council.
      • Need to possess other qualifications prescribed by Parliament.
    • Parliamentary Provisions through Representation of People Act (1951):
      • A person to be elected to the legislative assembly must be an elector for an assembly constituency in the concerned state.
      • A person to be elected to the legislative council must be an elector for an assembly constituency in the concerned state and to be qualified for the governor’s nomination, he must be a resident in the concerned state.
      • He must be a member of a scheduled caste or scheduled tribe if he wants to contest a seat reserved for them. However, a member of scheduled castes or scheduled tribes can also contest a seat not reserved for them.
  • Disqualifications:
    • Constitutional Provisions:
      • Any office of profit under the Union or State government(except that of a minister or any other office exempted by the state legislature),
      • Unsound mind and stands so declared by a court,
      • Undischarged insolvent,
      • Not a citizen of India or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign state or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance to a foreign state,
      • Disqualified under any law made by Parliament.
    • Parliamentary Provisions through Representation of People Act (1951):
      • Must not have been found guilty of certain election offenses or corrupt practices in the elections.
      • Must not have been convicted for any offense resulting in imprisonment for two or more years. But, the detention of a person under a preventive detention law is not a disqualification.
      • Must not fail to lodge an account of election expenses within the time.
      • Must not have any interest in government contracts, works, or services.
      • Must not be a director or managing agent nor hold an office of profit in a corporation in which the government has at least 25% share.
      • Must not have been dismissed from government service for corruption or disloyalty to the state.
      • Must not have been convicted for promoting enmity between different groups or for the offense of bribery.
      • Must not have been punished for preaching and practicing social crimes such as untouchability, dowry, and Sati.
      • On the question of whether a member has become subject to any of the above disqualifications, the governor’s decision is final. However, he should obtain the opinion of the Election Commission and act accordingly.
  • Election Petition:
    • The Constitution lays down that no election to the Parliament or the state legislature is to be questioned except by an election petition presented to such authority and in such a manner as provided by the appropriate legislature.
    • Since 1966, the election petitions are triable by high courts alone. Whereas the appellate jurisdiction lies with the Supreme Court alone.
    • Article 323 B empowers the appropriate legislature (Parliament or a state legislature) to establish a tribunal for the adjudication of election disputes.
      • It also provides for the exclusion of the jurisdiction of all courts (except the special leave appeal jurisdiction of the Supreme Court) in such disputes.
      • So far, no such tribunal has been established.
  • In the Chandra Kumar case (1997), the clause of the exclusion of the jurisdiction of all courts in election disputes was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
  • Consequently, if at any time an election tribunal is established, an appeal from its decision lies to the high court.

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