Question

_______ was the first historical dynasty, which ruled over unified Uttarakhand?
1. Gurkha
2. Parmar
3. Katyuri
4. Chand

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : Katyuri

The Correct Answer is "Katyuri".

• The early medieval history of Kumaon is the history of the Katyuri dynasty. 
• The Katyuri kings ruled from the seventh to the 11th century, holding sway at the peak of their powers over large areas of Kumaon, Garhwal, and western Nepal.
• The town of Baijnath near Almora was the capital of this dynasty and a center of the arts.
• Temple building flourished under the Katyuris and the main architectural innovation introduced by them was the replacement of bricks with stone.
• On a hilltop facing east (opposite Almora), is the temple of Katarmal.
• This 900-year-old sun temple was built during the declining years of the Katyuri dynasty. 
• Katyuri was the first historical dynasty, which rules over unified Uttarakhand and left some important records in the form of inscriptions and temples.
• In the later period after the downfall of Katyuri’s, it is believed that the Garhwal region was fragmented into more than sixty-four principalities ruled by the Chieftain, one of the principal Chieftainship was Chandpurgarh, which was ruled by descendent of Kanakpal.
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Gurkhas :

• "Gurkha" and "Gorkhali" were synonymous with "Nepali", which originates from the hill principality the Gorkha Kingdom, from which the Kingdom of Nepal expanded under Prithivi Narayan Shah.
• The name may be traced to the medieval Hindu warrior-saint Guru Gorakhnath who has a historic shrine in Gorkha District.
• The word itself derived from Go-Raksha, Raksha becoming Rakha.
• Rakhawala means 'protector' and is derived from Raksha as well.

Parmar :

• Parmar is a Jat, Rajput, and Gurjar clan found in Northern India, especially in Rajasthan, Kutch and Sindh.
• There are multiple variants of the name, including Pramar, Panwar, Pawar, Powar, Puwar, Punwar and Puar.
• The Soorma dynasty of medieval India was ruled by Parmar Rajputs known as the Soomro caste.
• The name of the dynasty derives from Soomro and Vegho, two Parmar Rajput Hindu brothers who were appointed to rule the region; while Vegho remained Hindu, Soomro converted to Islam.

Chand :

• The Chand Kings were a Hindu ruling clan of Kumaon, which ruled the region after the decline of Katyuri Kings in the 11th century AD.
• The Chand kingdom was established by Som Chand in the 10th century, by displacing the Katyuri Kings, who had been ruling the area from the 7th century AD.
• He continued to call his state Kurmanchal, and established its capital in Champawat in Kali Kumaon, called so, due to its vicinity to river Kali.