Correct Answer - Option 4 : Internal energy to the system is equal to work done
CONCEPT:
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Isothermal process: When a thermodynamic system undergoes a physical change in such a way that its temperature remains constant, then the change is known as an isothermal process.
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Isobaric process: When a thermodynamic system undergoes a physical change in such a way that its pressure remains constant, then the change is known as the isobaric process.
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Isochoric process: When a thermodynamic process undergoes a physical change in such a way that its volume remains constant, then the change is known as the isochoric process.
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Adiabatic process: When a thermodynamic system undergoes a change in such a way that no exchange of heat takes place between Systems and surroundings, the process is known as an adiabatic process.
EXPLAINATION:
First Law of Thermodynamics:
- It is a statement of conservation of energy in the thermodynamical process.
- According to it, heat given to a system (ΔQ) is equal to the sum of the increase in its internal energy, (ΔU), and the work is done (ΔW) by the system against the surroundings.
i.e ΔQ = ΔU + ΔW [∴ ΔW = p ΔV]
- In isothermal change, the temperature remains constant and the internal energy is a state function and it is dependent on temperature.
- Hence, the change in internal energy is zero.
⇒ ΔU =0
⇒ ΔQ = ΔW
Hence, option (4) is correct.
