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Which of the following decay of nucleus emits packets of energy?
1. Alpha emission
2. Beta emission
3. Gamma emission
4. None of the above

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Correct Answer - Option 3 : Gamma emission

CONCEPT:

  • Radioactive decay: When the n/p ratio of an atomic nucleus is high enough to make it unstable, it decays.
  • Radioactive decay emits mainly alpha α, beta β, and gamma γ rays.
  • Alpha Emission:
    • An alpha particle is identical to a helium nucleus, is made up of two protons and two neutrons bound together.
    • Its atomic number decreases by two and mass number or atomic mass decreases by four.
    • Atomic number Z to Z-2 and mass number A to A-4.
  • Beta Emission: 
    • Nucleon becomes proton and electron, the electron leaves the atom as a beta particle but the proton stays in the nucleus.
    • Atomic number increases by 1 but the mass number or atomic mass stays the same. 
    • Atomic number Z to Z+1 and Mass number will remain the same A. 
  • Gamma emission:
    • The emission of energy from the nucleus of the atom in the form of photons.
    • Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves.
    • They are pure energy. They have no mass or atomic number.

EXPLANATION:

  • When a nucleus is decayed due to radioactivity, it emits α- particles, β- particles, and gamma rays.
  • Gamma decay will have no effect on mass or atomic number.
  • Gamma rays are pure energy waves.
  • It emits in the form of packets of energy.
  • So the correct answer is option 3.

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