Correct Answer - Option 4 : P. N. Bhagwati
The correct answer is P. N. Bhagwati.
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P. N. Bhagwati was the Chief Justice of India when public interest litigation was introduced to the Indian Judicial System.
- PN Bhagwati, the 17th Chief Justice of India introduced the concepts of Public interest Litigation and absolute liability in India.
- Public interest Litigation (PIL) is litigation filed in a court of law, for the protection of “Public Interest”, such as Pollution, Terrorism, Road safety, Constructional hazards etc.
- It is not defined in any statute or in any act.
- The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court to entertain an application under Article 32 for the issue of writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights is treated as an ‘original’ jurisdiction of the Supreme Court though called writ jurisdiction.
- The Supreme Court is the highest court of appeal from all courts in the territory of India.
- Supreme Court is the highest authority for interpretation of the Constitution.
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Article 124 states the establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court.
- Under Article 124 (3), a person to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court should have the following qualifications:
- He should be a citizen of India. He should have been a Judge of a High Court (or High Courts in succession) for ten years. Or
- He should have been an advocate of a High Court (or High Courts in succession) for ten years. Or
- He should be a distinguished jurist in the opinion of the President.
