Question

Match the following

Column – I (Mountain)	Column – II (Type)
(a) Black forest	(i) Residual
(b) Appalachians	(ii) Block
(c) Rajmahal	(iii) Volcanic
(d) Popa	(iv) Fold

1. (a) – (iv), (b) – (ii), (c – (iii), (d) – (i)
2. (a) – (ii), (b) – (iv), (c – (iii), (d) – (i)
3. (a) – (ii), (b) – (iv), (c – (i), (d) – (iii)
4. (a) – (i), (b) – (iii), (c – (ii), (d) – (iv)

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : (a) – (ii), (b) – (iv), (c – (i), (d) – (iii)

The correct answer is (a) – (ii), (b) – (iv), (c – (i), (d) – (iii).

There are mainly four types of mountains, viz. fold mountains, block mountains, Residual mountains, and volcanic mountains.

Block Mountains

• Block Mountains are formed when two tectonic plates move away from each other causing cracks on the surface of the Earth.
• When parallel cracks or faults occur, the strip of land or the block of land between them may be raised resulting in the formation of block mountains.
• The upward block is called a host. Examples, Black forest and the Vosges of Rhineland.

Fold mountains

• Fold mountains are created where two or more of Earth’s tectonic plates are pushed together.
• At these colliding, compressing boundaries, rocks and debris are warped and folded into rocky outcrops, hills, mountains, and entire mountain ranges.
• Examples of fold mountains are the Himalayas, Andes, and Alps,  Appalachians etc.

The Volcanic mountain

• The Volcanic mountain formed due to volcanic activity. Examples of Volcanic Mountains are; Mt. Kilimanjaro and Mt. Fujiyama and Popa.
• Mount Popa is an extinct volcano 1518 meters (4981 feet) above sea level, and located in central Myanmar.

​Residual mountains

• Residual mountains are those mountains that have been eroded by the agents of degradation such as winds, rain, frost and running water.
• The hard rocks that are left behind are called residual mountains.
• The Sierras of central Spain, Mesas of USA  and Rajmahal of India are some examples of residual mountains.