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The process of ______ is used to increase shelf life of milk by destroying disease causing microorganisms.
1. pasteurisation
2. evaporation
3. condensation
4. hydrogenation

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : pasteurisation

The correct answer is pasteurization.

  • Pasteurization is the process used to increase the shelf life of milk by destroying disease-causing microorganisms.

  • Pasteurization was invented by French scientist Louis Pasteur.
  • Pasteur discovered that heating milk to a high temperature and then quickly cooling it before bottling or packaging it could keep it fresh for longer.
  • The process of pasteurization involves heating milk to 71.7°C for at least 15 seconds and no more than 25 seconds. Because of the nature of the heat treatment, it sometimes referred to as the ‘High-Temperature Short Time’ (HTST) process. 

 

  • Evaporation is the process of conversion of liquid into vapour at any temperature below its boiling point.
    • It increases with an increase in surface area and temperature.
    • Evaporation of acetone is used for removing nail polish.
  • Condensation is the process of conversion of gas into the liquid.
    • It is the reverse process of evaporation.
    • Solids, liquids, and gases are interconvertible by changing the condition pressure, and temperature.
  • Rain falling down is an example.
  • Hydrogenation is the process of treating or combining chemically unsaturated compounds with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.
    • Hydrogenation is mainly used in the food industry, petrochemical industry, and pharmaceutical industry.
    • The most common catalysts used for hydrogenation is Nickel, Platinum, and Palladium.

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