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Alluvial soils vary in nature from sandy loam to clay. They are generally
1. poor in potash and rich in phosphorus
2. poor in both potash and phosphorus.
3. rich in both potash and phosphorus
4. rich in potash and poor in phosphorus.

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : rich in potash and poor in phosphorus.

The correct answer is rich in potash and poor in phosphorus.

  • Alluvial soil:
    • Mostly available soil in India (about 43%) covers an area of 143 sq. km.
    • Widespread in northern plains and river valleys.
    • In peninsular-India, they are mostly found in deltas and estuaries.
    • Humus, lime, and organic matters are present.
    • Highly fertile.
    • Indus-Ganga-Brahmaputra plain, Narmada-Tapi plain, etc are examples.
    • They are depositional soil – transported and deposited by rivers, streams, etc.
    • Sand content decreases from west to east of the country.
    • New alluvium is termed as Khadar and old alluvium is termed as Bhangar.
    • Its color is Light Grey to Ash Grey.
    • Its texture is Sandy to silty loam or clay.
    • Wheat, rice, maize, sugarcane, pulses, oilseed, etc are cultivated mainly.

  • Different types of Indian soil:
    1. Alluvial soil [43%]
    2. Red soil [18.5%]
    3. Black / regur soil [15%]
    4. Arid/desert soil
    5. Laterite soil
    6. Saline soil
    7. Peaty/marshy soil
    8. Forest soil
    9. Sub-mountain soil
    10. Snowfields

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