Correct Answer - Option 1 : Conventional
Lawrence Kohlberg, an American psychologist, has propounded the 'Theory of Moral Development'. He has made a systematic study of moral development in his theory that is categorized in 3 levels and 6 stages.
- According to Kohlberg "Performing an act and doing something because others approves it", represents Conventional stage of morality as the reason for moral behavior of child during this stage is 'gaining acceptance and avoiding censure by others'.
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Conventional Morality is a stage of morality in which:
- children make decisions to please others.
- children try to maintain interpersonal relations.
- children make efforts on the approval of others.
Hence, it could be concluded that according to Lawrence Kohlberg's theory, "Performing an act and doing something because others approves it", represents Conventional stage of morality.
Refer to the table to be familiar with all the levels of Kohlberg's theory.
Level 1:
Pre-conventional Morality
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Stage 1: The Obedience & Punishment Orientation - behaviour driven by avoiding punishment
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Stage 2: Naive Hedonistic and Instrumental Orientation - behaviour driven by self-interest and rewards
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Level 2:
Conventional Morality
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Stage 3: Good Boy - Good Girl Orientation - behaviour driven by social approval
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Stage 4: The Law & Order Orientation: behaviour driven by obeying authority and conforming to social order
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Level:
Post-conventional Morality
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Stage 5: The Social Contract Orientation: behaviour driven by a balance of social order and individual rights
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Stage 6: The Universal Ethical Principle Orientation: behaviour driven by internal moral principle.
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