Correct Answer - Option 3 : Reconnaissance → Field observations → Data analysis → Map making
Explanation:
(i) Surveying in the science of determining the relative positions on ground, along with their elevations.
(ii) The relative positions are determined by measuring the horizontal distances, horizontal angles, vertical distances and the vertical angles. for this, various instrument are needed.
(iii) The entire work stages of survey operation in civil engineering may be divided into the following three stages:
- Field work
- Office work
- Care and adjustment of instruments
Field work:
(i) The field work consists of the measurement of all the necessary horizontal and vertical distances, horizontal and vertical angles, elevations, etc. and keeping a systematic record of what has been done in a field book. Field work is further subdivided into;
- Reconnaissance
- Field measurements
- Observationsfield record.
Office Work:
(i) The office work of a surveyor consists of three types based on the field records.
- Drafting
- Computing
- Designing.
Care and adjustment of instruments:
(i) A great care is required to handle the survey instruments both in field and office. A beginner should always be made familiar with care and adjustment of the instruments and their limitations. Precise instruments like theodolite, level, prismatic compass, etc. need more care than the equipment such as chains, arrows, ranging rods, etc.
So. from the above observation correct sequence of surveying operation is
Reconnaissance → Field observations → Data analysis → Map making
