Question

With reference to the scientific progress of ancient India, which of the statements given below are correct?

1. Different kinds of specialized surgical instruments were in common use by 1st century AD.

2. Transplant of internal organs in the human body had begun by the beginning of 3rd century AD.

3. The concept of sine of an angle was known is 5th century AD.

4. The concept of cyclic quadrilaterals was known in 7th century AD.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below: 

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 3 and 4 only
3. 1, 3 and 4 only
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : 1, 2, 3 and 4

The correct answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4.

• Different kinds of specialized surgical instruments were in common use by the 1st century AD.
  • In this statement we can analyze and also We have been told that in ancient India, it was Sushrut who is known to be the first surgeon.
  • He not only used the S-type and U-type surgical instruments but also has documented plastic surgery.
  • However, historians have not been able to assign a definite period to Sushruta.
  • The era of Sushrut is most probably BC and definitely, it was prior to the 1st century AD.

• Transplant of internal organs in the human body had begun by the beginning of the 3rd century AD.
  • Sushruta mentioned plastic surgery in which the flaps of nose skins were used to replace other parts.
• The statement “The concept of the sine of an angle was known in 5th century AD” hints towards Aryabhatta’s Surya Siddhanta.
  • Aryabhata has given the sine and versed sine tables familiar to the students of mathematics.
• The statement “The concept of cyclic quadrilaterals was known in 7th century AD” hints towards Brahamgupta, who gave the formula for the area of the cyclic quadrilateral.