Correct Answer - Option 4 : fear, anger, affection
The infancy period is from birth to 3 years of age which is an important age for physical, social, emotional as well as cognitive development. The development of emotion is extremely important for the harmonious development of the personality of the infant. Emotional development is one of the major aspects of infancy growth and development. Not only infants physical growth and development is linked with his emotional make-up but his aesthetic, intellectual, moral and social development is also controlled by his emotional development.
At the beginning of the infancy period, infants can recognise human faces and after that, they can differentiate between known and unknown faces and react differently. Development in different areas takes place through infancy to toddlerhood, i.e, the first three years of life.
Basic Emotions during infancy
- Infants at about two months old demonstrate social smiling in response to human faces.
- When they are four months old, they show laughter and express anger, sadness and surprise by six months.
- They learn to respond when somebody calls them by their names at about age six to twelve months.
- They are afraid of when their parents or care-taker leaves them. They start expressing anger if their needs are not met.
- Children start expressing their feelings of trust, fear, confidence, love, etc.
- They express affection as a form of emotion to others as a part of social-emotional development.
- If a child is neglected during this period, it affects his social-emotional development negatively.
- During this period as children are attached to their caregivers, parents and other siblings, etc.,
- So children develop separation anxiety if they are separated from them. This appears at the age of nine months.
So, it is clear that basic emotions of joy, fear, anger are visible in infants.
