Correct Answer - Option 1 : Prime Minister
Explanation:
The Indian Parliament is an expression of the faith that the people of India have in principles of democracy. These are participation by people in the decision-making process and government by consent. The Parliament in our system has immense powers because it is the representative of the people. Once elected, these candidates become Members of Parliament or MPs. These MPs together make up the Parliament.
- The term ‘Parliament’ refers to the national legislature. The legislature of the States is described as the State legislature.
- The Parliament in India has two houses. When there are two houses of the legislature, it is called a bicameral legislature.
- The two Houses of the Indian Parliament are the Council of States or the Rajya Sabha and the House of the People or the Lok Sabha.
The federal structure of Indian polity rests on the principle of a parliamentary form of government which makes the executive accountable to the legislature. The Parliament of India has three constituents, namely, the President of India, the Rajya Sabha (Council of States), and the Lok Sabha (House of the People). The President of India is the constitutional head(nominal head) of the executive. There is a Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister(actually responsible for the execution of law and its implementation) to aid and advise the President in the exercise of his functions.
Apart from law-making, the Parliament is engaged in many other functions. Let us list the functions of the Parliament:
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Legislative Function: The actual task of drafting the bill is performed by the bureaucracy under the supervision of the minister concerned.
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Control of Executive and ensuring its accountability: Perhaps the most vital function of the Parliament is to ensure that the executive does not overstep its authority and remains responsible to the people who have elected them.
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Financial Function: Government is about spending a lot of money on various matters, legislature controls taxation and the way in which money is used by the government.
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Representation: Parliament represents the divergent views of members from different regional, social, economic, religious groups of different parts of the country.
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Debating Function: The Parliament is the highest forum of debate in the country. There is no limitation on its power of discussion. Members are free to speak on any matter without fear.
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Constituent Function: The Parliament has the power of discussing and enacting changes to the Constitution. The constituent powers of both houses are similar. All constitutional amendments have to be approved by a special majority of both Houses.
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Electoral functions: The Parliament also performs some electoral functions. It elects the President and Vice President of India.
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Judicial functions: The judicial functions of the Parliament include considering the proposals for the removal of President, Vice-President, and Judges of High Courts and Supreme Court.
Thus, Prime Minister is a member of the Parliament who owes their accountability for various functions in the Parliamentary form of government.
